TerraSentinel

Satellite anomaly detection over EU study regions — wildfire, deforestation, cryosphere

greece_fire

2024-09-21 → 2026-09-20 · 730 days

Detections

70,981

Peak day

2,005

Median day

45

Flagged

19 (2.6%)

iberia_fire

2024-09-21 → 2026-09-20 · 730 days

Detections

196,071

Peak day

13,329

Median day

99

Flagged

18 (2.5%)

Seasonal profile — greece_fire

Mean detections per day by month. Orange bars are months that produced at least one flagged day; the curve is what makes a winter anomaly legible.

0 138 275 J: 16.3 mean detections/day F: 27.2 mean detections/day M: 78.1 mean detections/day, 4 flagged day(s) A: 34.0 mean detections/day M: 29.7 mean detections/day J: 82.5 mean detections/day J: 275.5 mean detections/day, 6 flagged day(s) A: 254.9 mean detections/day, 4 flagged day(s) S: 139.0 mean detections/day, 4 flagged day(s) O: 141.0 mean detections/day, 1 flagged day(s) N: 62.2 mean detections/day D: 17.4 mean detections/day J F M A M J J A S O N D

Seasonal profile — iberia_fire

Mean detections per day by month. Orange bars are months that produced at least one flagged day; the curve is what makes a winter anomaly legible.

0 710 1k J: 49.3 mean detections/day F: 140.7 mean detections/day, 6 flagged day(s) M: 150.4 mean detections/day A: 155.2 mean detections/day M: 85.9 mean detections/day J: 103.8 mean detections/day J: 616.3 mean detections/day, 5 flagged day(s) A: 1420.9 mean detections/day, 7 flagged day(s) S: 187.8 mean detections/day O: 132.7 mean detections/day N: 94.1 mean detections/day D: 56.5 mean detections/day J F M A M J J A S O N D

Do the context features separate anything?

Flagged days versus the rest. A detector that only separates magnitude is not separating anything interesting — these columns are the test.

FeatureFlaggedUnflaggedRatio
Mean detections 2,281.2 132.8 17.17×
Mean FRP per detection 27.6 7.5 3.68×
Night-time share 50% 60% 0.82×
Cell concentration 5% 17% 0.29×
Satellites seeing it 4 3.11 1.29×

Flagged days carry roughly 3.7× the intensity per detection and concentrate less — large events spread across many hexagons rather than one. FRP pools MODIS and VIIRS, whose scales differ ~6× for the same fires, so intensity features carry an instrument-mix confound.

Cryosphere — observed vs normal

The gap between the two series is the finding. Antarctic has run below the 1981–2010 normal for the entire window.

10.9 14.7 18.6 2026-06-01: 10.92 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.86, z=-1.72) 2026-06-02: 11.00 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.98, z=-1.92) 2026-06-03: 11.06 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.08, z=-2.03) 2026-06-04: 11.11 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.17, z=-2.10) 2026-06-05: 11.19 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.27, z=-2.17) 2026-06-06: 11.23 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.38, z=-2.40) 2026-06-07: 11.28 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.49, z=-2.48) 2026-06-08: 11.42 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.58, z=-2.37) 2026-06-09: 11.61 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.69, z=-2.13) 2026-06-10: 11.69 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.79, z=-2.11) 2026-06-11: 11.79 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.89, z=-2.12) 2026-06-12: 11.86 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.99, z=-2.18) 2026-06-13: 11.90 × 10⁶ km² (normal 13.07, z=-2.26) 2026-06-14: 12.04 × 10⁶ km² (normal 13.17, z=-2.14) 2026-06-15: 12.18 × 10⁶ km² (normal 13.28, z=-2.16) 2026-06-16: 12.29 × 10⁶ km² (normal 13.38, z=-2.21) 2026-06-17: 12.33 × 10⁶ km² (normal 13.49, z=-2.35) 2026-06-18: 12.41 × 10⁶ km² (normal 13.60, z=-2.38) 2026-06-19: 12.62 × 10⁶ km² (normal 13.69, z=-2.23) 2026-06-20: 12.93 × 10⁶ km² (normal 13.80, z=-1.84) 2026-06-21: 13.08 × 10⁶ km² (normal 13.90, z=-1.77) 2026-06-22: 13.18 × 10⁶ km² (normal 13.99, z=-1.75) 2026-06-23: 13.26 × 10⁶ km² (normal 14.09, z=-1.78) 2026-06-24: 13.41 × 10⁶ km² (normal 14.19, z=-1.67) 2026-06-25: 13.51 × 10⁶ km² (normal 14.28, z=-1.65) 2026-06-26: 13.58 × 10⁶ km² (normal 14.37, z=-1.72) 2026-06-27: 13.68 × 10⁶ km² (normal 14.45, z=-1.74) 2026-06-28: 13.71 × 10⁶ km² (normal 14.52, z=-1.89) 2026-06-29: 13.76 × 10⁶ km² (normal 14.62, z=-2.06) 2026-06-30: 13.92 × 10⁶ km² (normal 14.71, z=-1.95) 2026-07-01: 14.04 × 10⁶ km² (normal 14.81, z=-1.94) 2026-07-02: 14.10 × 10⁶ km² (normal 14.90, z=-2.00) 2026-07-03: 14.12 × 10⁶ km² (normal 14.97, z=-2.14) 2026-07-04: 14.20 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.04, z=-2.12) 2026-07-05: 14.19 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.11, z=-2.29) 2026-07-06: 14.32 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.19, z=-2.06) 2026-07-07: 14.38 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.27, z=-2.10) 2026-07-08: 14.45 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.33, z=-2.11) 2026-07-09: 14.47 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.39, z=-2.28) 2026-07-10: 14.52 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.48, z=-2.37) 2026-07-11: 14.60 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.55, z=-2.35) 2026-07-12: 14.71 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.65, z=-2.30) 2026-07-13: 14.84 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.75, z=-2.19) 2026-07-14: 15.02 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.84, z=-2.12) 2026-07-15: 15.02 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.91, z=-2.48) 2026-07-16: 15.07 × 10⁶ km² (normal 15.97, z=-2.54) 2026-07-17: 15.12 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.04, z=-2.51) 2026-07-18: 15.14 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.08, z=-2.61) 2026-07-19: 15.17 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.16, z=-2.74) 2026-07-20: 15.30 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.26, z=-2.71) 2026-07-21: 15.42 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.34, z=-2.67) 2026-07-22: 15.50 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.44, z=-2.82) 2026-07-23: 15.58 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.52, z=-2.82) 2026-07-24: 15.55 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.59, z=-3.10) 2026-07-25: 15.60 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.64, z=-3.14) 2026-07-26: 15.66 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.69, z=-3.18) 2026-07-27: 15.70 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.75, z=-3.27) 2026-07-28: 15.81 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.80, z=-2.96) 2026-07-29: 15.86 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.86, z=-2.95) 2026-07-30: 15.94 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.93, z=-3.05) 2026-07-31: 16.01 × 10⁶ km² (normal 16.98, z=-2.94) 2026-08-01: 16.22 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.03, z=-2.38) 2026-08-02: 16.21 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.08, z=-2.58) 2026-08-03: 16.28 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.14, z=-2.53) 2026-08-04: 16.37 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.19, z=-2.37) 2026-08-05: 16.25 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.24, z=-2.75) 2026-08-06: 16.32 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.29, z=-2.57) 2026-08-07: 16.34 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.35, z=-2.63) 2026-08-08: 16.29 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.42, z=-2.90) 2026-08-09: 16.09 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.48, z=-3.48) 2026-08-10: 15.97 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.51, z=-3.94) 2026-08-11: 15.96 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.55, z=-4.00) 2026-08-12: 15.97 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.59, z=-4.08) 2026-08-13: 16.03 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.64, z=-3.99) 2026-08-14: 16.11 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.68, z=-3.93) 2026-08-15: 16.17 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.74, z=-3.99) 2026-08-16: 16.29 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.78, z=-3.98) 2026-08-17: 16.31 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.83, z=-3.95) 2026-08-18: 16.39 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.84, z=-3.92) 2026-08-19: 16.43 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.87, z=-3.96) 2026-08-20: 16.49 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.89, z=-4.06) 2026-08-21: 16.44 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.92, z=-4.29) 2026-08-22: 16.41 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.96, z=-4.61) 2026-08-23: 16.59 × 10⁶ km² (normal 17.98, z=-4.29) 2026-08-24: 16.82 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.02, z=-3.52) 2026-08-25: 16.90 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.05, z=-3.29) 2026-08-26: 16.97 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.11, z=-3.28) 2026-08-27: 16.94 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.14, z=-3.53) 2026-08-28: 17.04 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.16, z=-3.24) 2026-08-29: 17.14 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.20, z=-3.00) 2026-08-30: 17.27 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.22, z=-2.70) 2026-08-31: 17.33 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.24, z=-2.66) 2026-09-01: 17.41 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.26, z=-2.43) 2026-09-02: 17.36 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.29, z=-2.57) 2026-09-03: 17.36 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.31, z=-2.50) 2026-09-04: 17.36 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.33, z=-2.61) 2026-09-05: 17.40 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.35, z=-2.53) 2026-09-06: 17.44 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.37, z=-2.46) 2026-09-07: 17.44 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.40, z=-2.56) 2026-09-08: 17.46 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.42, z=-2.58) 2026-09-09: 17.57 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.45, z=-2.42) 2026-09-10: 17.57 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.47, z=-2.52) 2026-09-11: 17.62 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.49, z=-2.43) 2026-09-12: 17.57 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.50, z=-2.66) 2026-09-13: 17.56 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.52, z=-2.85) 2026-09-14: 17.61 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.52, z=-2.71) 2026-09-15: 17.48 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.53, z=-3.03) 2026-09-16: 17.38 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.53, z=-3.36) 2026-09-17: 17.34 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.55, z=-3.54) 2026-09-18: 17.30 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.57, z=-3.70) 2026-09-19: 17.34 × 10⁶ km² (normal 18.57, z=-3.46) 06-01 06-29 07-27 08-24

Solid: observed. Dashed: 1981–2010 normal. The vertical gap is the deficit.

4.6 8.6 12.5 2026-06-01: 11.36 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.53, z=-3.01) 2026-06-02: 11.29 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.46, z=-2.98) 2026-06-03: 11.23 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.40, z=-2.94) 2026-06-04: 11.18 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.36, z=-2.94) 2026-06-05: 11.08 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.32, z=-3.10) 2026-06-06: 11.05 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.26, z=-2.94) 2026-06-07: 11.00 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.22, z=-3.01) 2026-06-08: 10.97 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.17, z=-2.92) 2026-06-09: 10.88 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.13, z=-2.99) 2026-06-10: 10.79 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.09, z=-3.10) 2026-06-11: 10.76 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.04, z=-3.02) 2026-06-12: 10.62 × 10⁶ km² (normal 12.01, z=-3.29) 2026-06-13: 10.64 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.96, z=-3.10) 2026-06-14: 10.65 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.90, z=-2.87) 2026-06-15: 10.57 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.85, z=-2.86) 2026-06-16: 10.45 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.80, z=-2.93) 2026-06-17: 10.37 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.74, z=-2.94) 2026-06-18: 10.37 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.68, z=-2.66) 2026-06-19: 10.23 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.62, z=-2.81) 2026-06-20: 10.18 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.56, z=-2.69) 2026-06-21: 10.11 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.49, z=-2.62) 2026-06-22: 10.11 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.44, z=-2.43) 2026-06-23: 10.06 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.39, z=-2.39) 2026-06-24: 9.98 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.32, z=-2.30) 2026-06-25: 9.76 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.26, z=-2.51) 2026-06-26: 9.55 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.20, z=-2.68) 2026-06-27: 9.58 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.13, z=-2.49) 2026-06-28: 9.48 × 10⁶ km² (normal 11.06, z=-2.42) 2026-06-29: 9.26 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.99, z=-2.62) 2026-06-30: 9.10 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.91, z=-2.83) 2026-07-01: 9.03 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.74, z=-2.52) 2026-07-02: 8.93 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.63, z=-2.53) 2026-07-03: 8.84 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.57, z=-2.57) 2026-07-04: 8.77 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.51, z=-2.52) 2026-07-05: 8.74 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.43, z=-2.43) 2026-07-06: 8.67 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.33, z=-2.32) 2026-07-07: 8.54 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.25, z=-2.41) 2026-07-08: 8.53 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.19, z=-2.32) 2026-07-09: 8.43 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.12, z=-2.34) 2026-07-10: 8.38 × 10⁶ km² (normal 10.03, z=-2.29) 2026-07-11: 8.26 × 10⁶ km² (normal 9.95, z=-2.34) 2026-07-12: 8.14 × 10⁶ km² (normal 9.87, z=-2.39) 2026-07-13: 8.04 × 10⁶ km² (normal 9.78, z=-2.38) 2026-07-14: 7.96 × 10⁶ km² (normal 9.69, z=-2.39) 2026-07-15: 7.88 × 10⁶ km² (normal 9.59, z=-2.36) 2026-07-16: 7.69 × 10⁶ km² (normal 9.50, z=-2.48) 2026-07-17: 7.58 × 10⁶ km² (normal 9.41, z=-2.58) 2026-07-18: 7.42 × 10⁶ km² (normal 9.33, z=-2.68) 2026-07-19: 7.32 × 10⁶ km² (normal 9.23, z=-2.68) 2026-07-20: 7.28 × 10⁶ km² (normal 9.15, z=-2.64) 2026-07-21: 7.15 × 10⁶ km² (normal 9.05, z=-2.63) 2026-07-22: 7.11 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.97, z=-2.56) 2026-07-23: 7.03 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.87, z=-2.49) 2026-07-24: 6.97 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.79, z=-2.47) 2026-07-25: 6.83 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.70, z=-2.50) 2026-07-26: 6.79 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.62, z=-2.46) 2026-07-27: 6.68 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.54, z=-2.48) 2026-07-28: 6.57 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.46, z=-2.55) 2026-07-29: 6.54 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.37, z=-2.50) 2026-07-30: 6.51 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.28, z=-2.43) 2026-07-31: 6.53 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.20, z=-2.28) 2026-08-01: 6.50 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.11, z=-2.18) 2026-08-02: 6.48 × 10⁶ km² (normal 8.03, z=-2.08) 2026-08-03: 6.46 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.96, z=-2.04) 2026-08-04: 6.37 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.90, z=-2.16) 2026-08-05: 6.25 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.83, z=-2.17) 2026-08-06: 6.18 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.76, z=-2.13) 2026-08-07: 6.13 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.68, z=-2.07) 2026-08-08: 6.04 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.62, z=-2.13) 2026-08-09: 6.03 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.56, z=-2.03) 2026-08-10: 5.90 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.48, z=-2.11) 2026-08-11: 5.83 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.42, z=-2.13) 2026-08-12: 5.73 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.37, z=-2.21) 2026-08-13: 5.68 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.31, z=-2.20) 2026-08-14: 5.51 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.26, z=-2.34) 2026-08-15: 5.35 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.20, z=-2.51) 2026-08-16: 5.33 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.15, z=-2.45) 2026-08-17: 5.38 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.10, z=-2.27) 2026-08-18: 5.41 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.06, z=-2.15) 2026-08-19: 5.39 × 10⁶ km² (normal 7.00, z=-2.09) 2026-08-20: 5.30 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.95, z=-2.10) 2026-08-21: 5.26 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.90, z=-2.10) 2026-08-22: 5.12 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.87, z=-2.23) 2026-08-23: 5.11 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.83, z=-2.16) 2026-08-24: 5.09 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.78, z=-2.13) 2026-08-25: 5.00 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.75, z=-2.18) 2026-08-26: 4.98 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.70, z=-2.14) 2026-08-27: 5.03 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.66, z=-2.04) 2026-08-28: 4.96 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.63, z=-2.09) 2026-08-29: 4.91 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.58, z=-2.10) 2026-08-30: 4.85 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.54, z=-2.11) 2026-08-31: 4.84 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.51, z=-2.08) 2026-09-01: 4.73 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.47, z=-2.18) 2026-09-02: 4.67 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.42, z=-2.22) 2026-09-03: 4.66 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.40, z=-2.18) 2026-09-04: 4.69 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.37, z=-2.09) 2026-09-05: 4.67 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.35, z=-2.09) 2026-09-06: 4.63 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.33, z=-2.11) 2026-09-07: 4.60 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.31, z=-2.12) 2026-09-08: 4.59 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.30, z=-2.09) 2026-09-09: 4.62 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.29, z=-2.05) 2026-09-10: 4.61 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.28, z=-2.05) 2026-09-11: 4.60 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.27, z=-2.03) 2026-09-12: 4.57 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.26, z=-2.02) 2026-09-13: 4.59 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.27, z=-1.99) 2026-09-14: 4.65 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.28, z=-1.92) 2026-09-15: 4.72 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.28, z=-1.82) 2026-09-16: 4.66 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.29, z=-1.87) 2026-09-17: 4.63 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.29, z=-1.86) 2026-09-18: 4.67 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.30, z=-1.81) 2026-09-19: 4.71 × 10⁶ km² (normal 6.33, z=-1.77) 06-01 06-29 07-27 08-24

Solid: observed. Dashed: 1981–2010 normal. The vertical gap is the deficit.

Strongest departures in the record

Ranked by robust z-score. The top row is a winter event, which is the point: with a seasonal baseline, an out-of-season day can outrank a megafire.

RegionDateDetectionsz NightCell conc.FRP/detSeverity
iberia_fire 2026-02-25 1,184 22.5 31% 3% 6.9 extreme
iberia_fire 2025-08-15 13,329 18.7 38% 1% 59.3 extreme
iberia_fire 2026-07-03 2,238 18 65% 4% 42.4 extreme
iberia_fire 2026-02-26 998 17.9 18% 2% 8.4 extreme
greece_fire 2025-08-13 1,980 17.5 64% 3% 21 extreme
greece_fire 2025-08-12 2,005 17.2 58% 3% 44.4 extreme
iberia_fire 2025-08-17 9,429 14.2 60% 1% 42.4 extreme
iberia_fire 2026-02-27 774 13.8 58% 4% 4.9 extreme
iberia_fire 2025-08-16 8,669 13 48% 1% 63.8 extreme
greece_fire 2024-09-30 808 12.5 54% 10% 33.4 extreme
greece_fire 2025-07-26 1,502 11.7 42% 4% 34.4 high
iberia_fire 2026-02-24 622 10.9 25% 3% 9.3 high
iberia_fire 2025-02-20 630 10.8 11% 3% 7.9 high
iberia_fire 2025-08-19 6,144 10.4 69% 2% 26.1 high
greece_fire 2025-07-27 1,251 9.8 69% 5% 16.9 high